diff --git a/.eslintrc.yml b/.eslintrc.yml
index b96dfc2..dfd6615 100644
--- a/.eslintrc.yml
+++ b/.eslintrc.yml
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ rules:
   strict: [2, global]
   valid-jsdoc: [2, requireReturn: false]
   no-control-regex: 0
-  no-useless-escape: 0
+  no-useless-escape: 2
diff --git a/lib/compile/formats.js b/lib/compile/formats.js
index f337954..b3a1541 100644
--- a/lib/compile/formats.js
+++ b/lib/compile/formats.js
@@ -6,18 +6,18 @@ var DATE = /^\d\d\d\d-(\d\d)-(\d\d)$/;
 var DAYS = [0,31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31];
 var TIME = /^(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)(\.\d+)?(z|[+-]\d\d:\d\d)?$/i;
 var HOSTNAME = /^[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?(?:\.[a-z0-9](?:[-0-9a-z]{0,61}[0-9a-z])?)*$/i;
-var URI = /^(?:[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*:)(?:\/?\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*@)?(?:\[(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){6}|::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){5}|(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,1}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){3}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,2}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){2}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,3}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}:|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,4}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,5}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,6}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)|[Vv][0-9a-f]+\.[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]+)\]|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)(?::\d*)?(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*|\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)?|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)(?:\?(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@\/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?(?:\#(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@\/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?$/i;
-var URIREF = /^(?:[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*:)?(?:\/?\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*@)?(?:\[(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){6}|::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){5}|(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,1}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){3}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,2}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){2}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,3}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}:|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,4}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,5}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,6}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)|[Vv][0-9a-f]+\.[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]+)\]|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)(?::\d*)?(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*|\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)?|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)?(?:\?(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@\/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?(?:\#(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@\/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?$/i;
+var URI = /^(?:[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*:)(?:\/?\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*@)?(?:\[(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){6}|::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){5}|(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,1}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){3}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,2}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){2}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,3}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}:|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,4}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,5}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,6}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)|[Vv][0-9a-f]+\.[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]+)\]|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)(?::\d*)?(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*|\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)?|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)(?:\?(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?(?:#(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:@/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?$/i;
+var URIREF = /^(?:[a-z][a-z0-9+\-.]*:)?(?:\/?\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*@)?(?:\[(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){6}|::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){5}|(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,1}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){3}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,2}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){2}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,3}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}:|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,4}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,5}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){0,6}[0-9a-f]{1,4})?::)|[Vv][0-9a-f]+\.[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'()*+,;=:]+)\]|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)(?::\d*)?(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*|\/(?:(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)?|(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)*)?(?:\?(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?(?:#(?:[a-z0-9\-._~!$&'"()*+,;=:@/?]|%[0-9a-f]{2})*)?$/i;
 // uri-template: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6570
-var URITEMPLATE = /^(?:(?:[^\x00-\x20"'<>%\\^`{|}]|%[0-9a-f]{2})|\{[+#.\/;?&=,!@|]?(?:[a-z0-9_]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\:[1-9][0-9]{0,3}|\*)?(?:,(?:[a-z0-9_]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?:\:[1-9][0-9]{0,3}|\*)?)*\})*$/i;
+var URITEMPLATE = /^(?:(?:[^\x00-\x20"'<>%\\^`{|}]|%[0-9a-f]{2})|\{[+#./;?&=,!@|]?(?:[a-z0-9_]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?::[1-9][0-9]{0,3}|\*)?(?:,(?:[a-z0-9_]|%[0-9a-f]{2})+(?::[1-9][0-9]{0,3}|\*)?)*\})*$/i;
 // For the source: https://gist.github.com/dperini/729294
 // For test cases: https://mathiasbynens.be/demo/url-regex
 // @todo Delete current URL in favour of the commented out URL rule when this issue is fixed https://github.com/eslint/eslint/issues/7983.
 // var URL = /^(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/)(?:\S+(?::\S*)?@)?(?:(?!10(?:\.\d{1,3}){3})(?!127(?:\.\d{1,3}){3})(?!169\.254(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})(?!192\.168(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})(?!172\.(?:1[6-9]|2\d|3[0-1])(?:\.\d{1,3}){2})(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[01]\d|22[0-3])(?:\.(?:1?\d{1,2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])){2}(?:\.(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[0-4]\d|25[0-4]))|(?:(?:[a-z\u{00a1}-\u{ffff}0-9]+-?)*[a-z\u{00a1}-\u{ffff}0-9]+)(?:\.(?:[a-z\u{00a1}-\u{ffff}0-9]+-?)*[a-z\u{00a1}-\u{ffff}0-9]+)*(?:\.(?:[a-z\u{00a1}-\u{ffff}]{2,})))(?::\d{2,5})?(?:\/[^\s]*)?$/iu;
-var URL = /^(?:(?:http[s\u017F]?|ftp):\/\/)(?:(?:[\0-\x08\x0E-\x1F!-\x9F\xA1-\u167F\u1681-\u1FFF\u200B-\u2027\u202A-\u202E\u2030-\u205E\u2060-\u2FFF\u3001-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFEFE\uFF00-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+(?::(?:[\0-\x08\x0E-\x1F!-\x9F\xA1-\u167F\u1681-\u1FFF\u200B-\u2027\u202A-\u202E\u2030-\u205E\u2060-\u2FFF\u3001-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFEFE\uFF00-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])*)?@)?(?:(?!10(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){3})(?!127(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){3})(?!169\.254(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){2})(?!192\.168(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){2})(?!172\.(?:1[6-9]|2[0-9]|3[01])(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){2})(?:[1-9][0-9]?|1[0-9][0-9]|2[01][0-9]|22[0-3])(?:\.(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])){2}(?:\.(?:[1-9][0-9]?|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-4]))|(?:(?:(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+\-?)*(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+)(?:\.(?:(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+\-?)*(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+)*(?:\.(?:(?:[KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF]){2,})))(?::[0-9]{2,5})?(?:\/(?:[\0-\x08\x0E-\x1F!-\x9F\xA1-\u167F\u1681-\u1FFF\u200B-\u2027\u202A-\u202E\u2030-\u205E\u2060-\u2FFF\u3001-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFEFE\uFF00-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])*)?$/i;
-var UUID = /^(?:urn\:uuid\:)?[0-9a-f]{8}-(?:[0-9a-f]{4}-){3}[0-9a-f]{12}$/i;
-var JSON_POINTER = /^(?:\/(?:[^~\/]|~0|~1)*)*$|^\#(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9_\-\.!$&'()*+,;:=@]|%[0-9a-f]{2}|~0|~1)*)*$/i;
-var RELATIVE_JSON_POINTER = /^(?:0|[1-9][0-9]*)(?:\#|(?:\/(?:[^~\/]|~0|~1)*)*)$/;
+var URL = /^(?:(?:http[s\u017F]?|ftp):\/\/)(?:(?:[\0-\x08\x0E-\x1F!-\x9F\xA1-\u167F\u1681-\u1FFF\u200B-\u2027\u202A-\u202E\u2030-\u205E\u2060-\u2FFF\u3001-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFEFE\uFF00-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+(?::(?:[\0-\x08\x0E-\x1F!-\x9F\xA1-\u167F\u1681-\u1FFF\u200B-\u2027\u202A-\u202E\u2030-\u205E\u2060-\u2FFF\u3001-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFEFE\uFF00-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])*)?@)?(?:(?!10(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){3})(?!127(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){3})(?!169\.254(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){2})(?!192\.168(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){2})(?!172\.(?:1[6-9]|2[0-9]|3[01])(?:\.[0-9]{1,3}){2})(?:[1-9][0-9]?|1[0-9][0-9]|2[01][0-9]|22[0-3])(?:\.(?:1?[0-9]{1,2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])){2}(?:\.(?:[1-9][0-9]?|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-4]))|(?:(?:(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+-?)*(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+)(?:\.(?:(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+-?)*(?:[0-9KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])+)*(?:\.(?:(?:[KSa-z\xA1-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF]){2,})))(?::[0-9]{2,5})?(?:\/(?:[\0-\x08\x0E-\x1F!-\x9F\xA1-\u167F\u1681-\u1FFF\u200B-\u2027\u202A-\u202E\u2030-\u205E\u2060-\u2FFF\u3001-\uD7FF\uE000-\uFEFE\uFF00-\uFFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF][\uDC00-\uDFFF]|[\uD800-\uDBFF](?![\uDC00-\uDFFF])|(?:[^\uD800-\uDBFF]|^)[\uDC00-\uDFFF])*)?$/i;
+var UUID = /^(?:urn:uuid:)?[0-9a-f]{8}-(?:[0-9a-f]{4}-){3}[0-9a-f]{12}$/i;
+var JSON_POINTER = /^(?:\/(?:[^~/]|~0|~1)*)*$|^#(?:\/(?:[a-z0-9_\-.!$&'()*+,;:=@]|%[0-9a-f]{2}|~0|~1)*)*$/i;
+var RELATIVE_JSON_POINTER = /^(?:0|[1-9][0-9]*)(?:#|(?:\/(?:[^~/]|~0|~1)*)*)$/;
 
 
 module.exports = formats;
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ formats.fast = {
   time: /^[0-2]\d:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d(?:\.\d+)?(?:z|[+-]\d\d:\d\d)?$/i,
   'date-time': /^\d\d\d\d-[0-1]\d-[0-3]\d[t\s][0-2]\d:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d(?:\.\d+)?(?:z|[+-]\d\d:\d\d)$/i,
   // uri: https://github.com/mafintosh/is-my-json-valid/blob/master/formats.js
-  uri: /^(?:[a-z][a-z0-9+-.]*)(?:\:|\/)\/?[^\s]*$/i,
+  uri: /^(?:[a-z][a-z0-9+-.]*)(?::|\/)\/?[^\s]*$/i,
   'uri-reference': /^(?:(?:[a-z][a-z0-9+-.]*:)?\/\/)?[^\s]*$/i,
   'uri-template': URITEMPLATE,
   url: URL,
   // email (sources from jsen validator):
   // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/201323/using-a-regular-expression-to-validate-an-email-address#answer-8829363
   // http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/forms.html#valid-e-mail-address (search for 'willful violation')
-  email: /^[a-z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?(?:\.[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?)*$/i,
+  email: /^[a-z0-9.!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?(?:\.[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?)*$/i,
   hostname: HOSTNAME,
   // optimized https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/regular-expressions-cookbook/9780596802837/ch07s16.html
   ipv4: /^(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)$/,
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ formats.full = {
   'uri-reference': URIREF,
   'uri-template': URITEMPLATE,
   url: URL,
-  email: /^[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\.[a-z0-9!#$%&''*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?$/i,
+  email: /^[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\.[a-z0-9!#$%&''*+/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?$/i,
   hostname: hostname,
   ipv4: /^(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|[01]?\d\d?)$/,
   ipv6: /^\s*(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){7}(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}|:))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){6}(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}|(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){5}(?:(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){1,2})|:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){4}(?:(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){1,3})|(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4})?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){3}(?:(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){1,4})|(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){0,2}:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){2}(?:(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){1,5})|(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){0,3}:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(?:(?:[0-9a-f]{1,4}:){1}(?:(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){1,6})|(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){0,4}:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(?::(?:(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){1,7})|(?:(?::[0-9a-f]{1,4}){0,5}:(?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(?:\.(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:)))(?:%.+)?\s*$/i,
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ function hostname(str) {
 }
 
 
-var NOT_URI_FRAGMENT = /\/|\:/;
+var NOT_URI_FRAGMENT = /\/|:/;
 function uri(str) {
   // http://jmrware.com/articles/2009/uri_regexp/URI_regex.html + optional protocol + required "."
   return NOT_URI_FRAGMENT.test(str) && URI.test(str);
diff --git a/lib/compile/util.js b/lib/compile/util.js
index d30be01..263891c 100644
--- a/lib/compile/util.js
+++ b/lib/compile/util.js
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ function cleanUpCode(out) {
 }
 
 
-var ERRORS_REGEXP = /[^v\.]errors/g
+var ERRORS_REGEXP = /[^v.]errors/g
   , REMOVE_ERRORS = /var errors = 0;|var vErrors = null;|validate.errors = vErrors;/g
   , REMOVE_ERRORS_ASYNC = /var errors = 0;|var vErrors = null;/g
   , RETURN_VALID = 'return errors === 0;'
diff --git a/lib/keyword.js b/lib/keyword.js
index c5fc87a..85e64c6 100644
--- a/lib/keyword.js
+++ b/lib/keyword.js
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 'use strict';
 
-var IDENTIFIER = /^[a-z_$][a-z0-9_$\-]*$/i;
+var IDENTIFIER = /^[a-z_$][a-z0-9_$-]*$/i;
 var customRuleCode = require('./dotjs/custom');
 
 module.exports = {
diff --git a/scripts/compile-dots.js b/scripts/compile-dots.js
index 19db00a..5a21a7d 100644
--- a/scripts/compile-dots.js
+++ b/scripts/compile-dots.js
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ console.log('\n\nCompiling:');
 
 var FUNCTION_NAME = /function\s+anonymous\s*\(it[^)]*\)\s*{/;
 var OUT_EMPTY_STRING = /out\s*\+=\s*'\s*';/g;
-var ISTANBUL = /\'(istanbul[^']+)\';/g;
+var ISTANBUL = /'(istanbul[^']+)';/g;
 var ERROR_KEYWORD = /\$errorKeyword/g;
 var ERROR_KEYWORD_OR = /\$errorKeyword\s+\|\|/g;
 var VARS = [
diff --git a/spec/issues.spec.js b/spec/issues.spec.js
index d1d0e50..dc04f69 100644
--- a/spec/issues.spec.js
+++ b/spec/issues.spec.js
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ describe('issue #388, code clean-up not working', function() {
       type: 'object'
     });
     var code = validate.toString();
-    should.equal(code.match(/[^\.]errors|vErrors/g), null);
+    should.equal(code.match(/[^.]errors|vErrors/g), null);
   });
 });