From 119778caa9228db77effbdda8c44030923c0f26a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Alessandro Ranellucci Date: Mon, 7 Apr 2014 23:18:11 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Refactoring: move bridge angle detection to a separate class for easier unit testing --- lib/Slic3r.pm | 1 + lib/Slic3r/Layer/BridgeDetector.pm | 126 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm | 134 +++-------------------------- 3 files changed, 139 insertions(+), 122 deletions(-) create mode 100644 lib/Slic3r/Layer/BridgeDetector.pm diff --git a/lib/Slic3r.pm b/lib/Slic3r.pm index e3ef0513..10d2d5d3 100644 --- a/lib/Slic3r.pm +++ b/lib/Slic3r.pm @@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ use Slic3r::GCode::VibrationLimit; use Slic3r::Geometry qw(PI); use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper; use Slic3r::Layer; +use Slic3r::Layer::BridgeDetector; use Slic3r::Layer::Region; use Slic3r::Line; use Slic3r::Model; diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/BridgeDetector.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/BridgeDetector.pm new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c6558923 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/BridgeDetector.pm @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ +package Slic3r::Layer::BridgeDetector; +use Moo; + +use Slic3r::Geometry qw(PI); +use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(intersection_pl); + +has 'lower_slices' => (is => 'ro', required => 1); # ExPolygons or ExPolygonCollection +has 'perimeter_flow' => (is => 'ro', required => 1); +has 'infill_flow' => (is => 'ro', required => 1); + +sub detect_angle { + my ($self, $expolygon) = @_; + + my $grown = $expolygon->offset(+$self->perimeter_flow->scaled_width); + my @lower = @{$self->lower_slices}; # expolygons + + # detect what edges lie on lower slices + my @edges = (); # polylines + foreach my $lower (@lower) { + # turn bridge contour and holes into polylines and then clip them + # with each lower slice's contour + my @clipped = @{intersection_pl([ map $_->split_at_first_point, @$grown ], [$lower->contour])}; + if (@clipped == 2) { + # If the split_at_first_point() call above happens to split the polygon inside the clipping area + # we would get two consecutive polylines instead of a single one, so we use this ugly hack to + # recombine them back into a single one in order to trigger the @edges == 2 logic below. + # This needs to be replaced with something way better. + if (points_coincide($clipped[0][0], $clipped[-1][-1])) { + @clipped = (Slic3r::Polyline->new(@{$clipped[-1]}, @{$clipped[0]})); + } + if (points_coincide($clipped[-1][0], $clipped[0][-1])) { + @clipped = (Slic3r::Polyline->new(@{$clipped[0]}, @{$clipped[1]})); + } + } + push @edges, @clipped; + } + + Slic3r::debugf " bridge has %d support(s)\n", scalar(@edges); + return undef if !@edges; + + my $bridge_angle = undef; + + if (0) { + require "Slic3r/SVG.pm"; + Slic3r::SVG::output("bridge_$expolygon.svg", + expolygons => [ $expolygon ], + red_expolygons => [ @lower ], + polylines => [ @edges ], + ); + } + + if (@edges == 2) { + my @chords = map Slic3r::Line->new($_->[0], $_->[-1]), @edges; + my @midpoints = map $_->midpoint, @chords; + my $line_between_midpoints = Slic3r::Line->new(@midpoints); + $bridge_angle = Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg_dir($line_between_midpoints->direction); + } elsif (@edges == 1) { + # TODO: this case includes both U-shaped bridges and plain overhangs; + # we need a trapezoidation algorithm to detect the actual bridged area + # and separate it from the overhang area. + # in the mean time, we're treating as overhangs all cases where + # our supporting edge is a straight line + if (@{$edges[0]} > 2) { + my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($edges[0]->[0], $edges[0]->[-1]); + $bridge_angle = Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg_dir($line->direction); + } + } elsif (@edges) { + # inset the bridge expolygon; we'll use this one to clip our test lines + my $inset = $expolygon->offset_ex($self->infill_flow->scaled_width); + + # detect anchors as intersection between our bridge expolygon and the lower slices + my $anchors = intersection_ex( + $grown, + [ map @$_, @lower ], + 1, # safety offset required to avoid Clipper from detecting empty intersection while Boost actually found some @edges + ); + + if (@$anchors) { + # we'll now try several directions using a rudimentary visibility check: + # bridge in several directions and then sum the length of lines having both + # endpoints within anchors + my %directions = (); # angle => score + my $angle_increment = PI/36; # 5° + my $line_increment = $self->infill_flow->scaled_width; + for (my $angle = 0; $angle <= PI; $angle += $angle_increment) { + # rotate everything - the center point doesn't matter + $_->rotate($angle, [0,0]) for @$inset, @$anchors; + + # generate lines in this direction + my $bounding_box = Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new_from_points([ map @$_, map @$_, @$anchors ]); + + my @lines = (); + for (my $x = $bounding_box->x_min; $x <= $bounding_box->x_max; $x += $line_increment) { + push @lines, Slic3r::Polyline->new([$x, $bounding_box->y_min], [$x, $bounding_box->y_max]); + } + + my @clipped_lines = map Slic3r::Line->new(@$_), @{ intersection_pl(\@lines, [ map @$_, @$inset ]) }; + + # remove any line not having both endpoints within anchors + # NOTE: these calls to contains_point() probably need to check whether the point + # is on the anchor boundaries too + @clipped_lines = grep { + my $line = $_; + !(first { $_->contains_point($line->a) } @$anchors) + && !(first { $_->contains_point($line->b) } @$anchors); + } @clipped_lines; + + # sum length of bridged lines + $directions{-$angle} = sum(map $_->length, @clipped_lines) // 0; + } + + # this could be slightly optimized with a max search instead of the sort + my @sorted_directions = sort { $directions{$a} <=> $directions{$b} } keys %directions; + + # the best direction is the one causing most lines to be bridged + $bridge_angle = Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg_dir($sorted_directions[-1]); + } + } + + Slic3r::debugf " Optimal infill angle is %d degrees\n", $bridge_angle + if defined $bridge_angle; + + return $bridge_angle; +} + +1; diff --git a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm index 83a755dd..47eeb5b3 100644 --- a/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm +++ b/lib/Slic3r/Layer/Region.pm @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use Slic3r::Flow ':roles'; use Slic3r::Geometry qw(PI A B scale unscale chained_path points_coincide); use Slic3r::Geometry::Clipper qw(union_ex diff_ex intersection_ex offset offset_ex offset2 offset2_ex union_pt diff intersection - union diff intersection_pl); + union diff); use Slic3r::Surface ':types'; has 'layer' => ( @@ -343,6 +343,7 @@ sub process_external_surfaces { my $margin = scale &Slic3r::EXTERNAL_INFILL_MARGIN; my @bottom = (); + my $bridge_detector; foreach my $surface (grep $_->is_bottom, @surfaces) { my $grown = $surface->expolygon->offset_ex(+$margin); @@ -350,9 +351,16 @@ sub process_external_surfaces { # would get merged into a single one while they need different directions # also, supply the original expolygon instead of the grown one, because in case # of very thin (but still working) anchors, the grown expolygon would go beyond them - my $angle = $lower_layer - ? $self->_detect_bridge_direction($surface->expolygon, $lower_layer) - : undef; + my $angle; + if ($lower_layer) { + $bridge_detector //= Slic3r::Layer::BridgeDetector->new( + lower_slices => $lower_layer->slices, + perimeter_flow => $self->flow(FLOW_ROLE_PERIMETER), + infill_flow => $self->flow(FLOW_ROLE_INFILL), + ); + Slic3r::debugf "Processing bridge at layer %d:\n", $self->id; + $angle = $bridge_detector->detect_angle($surface->expolygon); + } push @bottom, map $surface->clone(expolygon => $_, bridge_angle => $angle), @$grown; } @@ -397,122 +405,4 @@ sub process_external_surfaces { $self->fill_surfaces->append(@new_surfaces); } -sub _detect_bridge_direction { - my ($self, $expolygon, $lower_layer) = @_; - - my $perimeter_flow = $self->flow(FLOW_ROLE_PERIMETER); - my $infill_flow = $self->flow(FLOW_ROLE_INFILL); - - my $grown = $expolygon->offset(+$perimeter_flow->scaled_width); - my @lower = @{$lower_layer->slices}; # expolygons - - # detect what edges lie on lower slices - my @edges = (); # polylines - foreach my $lower (@lower) { - # turn bridge contour and holes into polylines and then clip them - # with each lower slice's contour - my @clipped = @{intersection_pl([ map $_->split_at_first_point, @$grown ], [$lower->contour])}; - if (@clipped == 2) { - # If the split_at_first_point() call above happens to split the polygon inside the clipping area - # we would get two consecutive polylines instead of a single one, so we use this ugly hack to - # recombine them back into a single one in order to trigger the @edges == 2 logic below. - # This needs to be replaced with something way better. - if (points_coincide($clipped[0][0], $clipped[-1][-1])) { - @clipped = (Slic3r::Polyline->new(@{$clipped[-1]}, @{$clipped[0]})); - } - if (points_coincide($clipped[-1][0], $clipped[0][-1])) { - @clipped = (Slic3r::Polyline->new(@{$clipped[0]}, @{$clipped[1]})); - } - } - push @edges, @clipped; - } - - Slic3r::debugf "Found bridge on layer %d with %d support(s)\n", $self->id, scalar(@edges); - return undef if !@edges; - - my $bridge_angle = undef; - - if (0) { - require "Slic3r/SVG.pm"; - Slic3r::SVG::output("bridge_$expolygon.svg", - expolygons => [ $expolygon ], - red_expolygons => [ @lower ], - polylines => [ @edges ], - ); - } - - if (@edges == 2) { - my @chords = map Slic3r::Line->new($_->[0], $_->[-1]), @edges; - my @midpoints = map $_->midpoint, @chords; - my $line_between_midpoints = Slic3r::Line->new(@midpoints); - $bridge_angle = Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg_dir($line_between_midpoints->direction); - } elsif (@edges == 1) { - # TODO: this case includes both U-shaped bridges and plain overhangs; - # we need a trapezoidation algorithm to detect the actual bridged area - # and separate it from the overhang area. - # in the mean time, we're treating as overhangs all cases where - # our supporting edge is a straight line - if (@{$edges[0]} > 2) { - my $line = Slic3r::Line->new($edges[0]->[0], $edges[0]->[-1]); - $bridge_angle = Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg_dir($line->direction); - } - } elsif (@edges) { - # inset the bridge expolygon; we'll use this one to clip our test lines - my $inset = $expolygon->offset_ex($infill_flow->scaled_width); - - # detect anchors as intersection between our bridge expolygon and the lower slices - my $anchors = intersection_ex( - $grown, - [ map @$_, @lower ], - 1, # safety offset required to avoid Clipper from detecting empty intersection while Boost actually found some @edges - ); - - if (@$anchors) { - # we'll now try several directions using a rudimentary visibility check: - # bridge in several directions and then sum the length of lines having both - # endpoints within anchors - my %directions = (); # angle => score - my $angle_increment = PI/36; # 5° - my $line_increment = $infill_flow->scaled_width; - for (my $angle = 0; $angle <= PI; $angle += $angle_increment) { - # rotate everything - the center point doesn't matter - $_->rotate($angle, [0,0]) for @$inset, @$anchors; - - # generate lines in this direction - my $bounding_box = Slic3r::Geometry::BoundingBox->new_from_points([ map @$_, map @$_, @$anchors ]); - - my @lines = (); - for (my $x = $bounding_box->x_min; $x <= $bounding_box->x_max; $x += $line_increment) { - push @lines, Slic3r::Polyline->new([$x, $bounding_box->y_min], [$x, $bounding_box->y_max]); - } - - my @clipped_lines = map Slic3r::Line->new(@$_), @{ intersection_pl(\@lines, [ map @$_, @$inset ]) }; - - # remove any line not having both endpoints within anchors - # NOTE: these calls to contains_point() probably need to check whether the point - # is on the anchor boundaries too - @clipped_lines = grep { - my $line = $_; - !(first { $_->contains_point($line->a) } @$anchors) - && !(first { $_->contains_point($line->b) } @$anchors); - } @clipped_lines; - - # sum length of bridged lines - $directions{-$angle} = sum(map $_->length, @clipped_lines) // 0; - } - - # this could be slightly optimized with a max search instead of the sort - my @sorted_directions = sort { $directions{$a} <=> $directions{$b} } keys %directions; - - # the best direction is the one causing most lines to be bridged - $bridge_angle = Slic3r::Geometry::rad2deg_dir($sorted_directions[-1]); - } - } - - Slic3r::debugf " Optimal infill angle of bridge on layer %d is %d degrees\n", - $self->id, $bridge_angle if defined $bridge_angle; - - return $bridge_angle; -} - 1;