diff --git a/hw/pci/pci.c b/hw/pci/pci.c
index 1b08e18205..5ed3c8dca4 100644
--- a/hw/pci/pci.c
+++ b/hw/pci/pci.c
@@ -2547,6 +2547,17 @@ static void pci_device_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
     pc->realize = pci_default_realize;
 }
 
+static void pci_device_class_base_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
+{
+    if (!object_class_is_abstract(klass)) {
+        ObjectClass *conventional =
+            object_class_dynamic_cast(klass, INTERFACE_CONVENTIONAL_PCI_DEVICE);
+        ObjectClass *pcie =
+            object_class_dynamic_cast(klass, INTERFACE_PCIE_DEVICE);
+        assert(conventional || pcie);
+    }
+}
+
 AddressSpace *pci_device_iommu_address_space(PCIDevice *dev)
 {
     PCIBus *bus = PCI_BUS(dev->bus);
@@ -2671,6 +2682,7 @@ static const TypeInfo pci_device_type_info = {
     .abstract = true,
     .class_size = sizeof(PCIDeviceClass),
     .class_init = pci_device_class_init,
+    .class_base_init = pci_device_class_base_init,
 };
 
 static void pci_register_types(void)