diff --git a/ui/curses.c b/ui/curses.c
index f4e7a12f74..54687589d4 100644
--- a/ui/curses.c
+++ b/ui/curses.c
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ static void curses_refresh(DisplayChangeListener *dcl)
             }
 
             keycode = keysym2scancode(kbd_layout, keysym & KEYSYM_MASK,
-                                      false, false, false);
+                                      NULL);
             if (keycode == 0)
                 continue;
 
diff --git a/ui/keymaps.c b/ui/keymaps.c
index 6e44f738ed..c8b2135340 100644
--- a/ui/keymaps.c
+++ b/ui/keymaps.c
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ kbd_layout_t *init_keyboard_layout(const name2keysym_t *table,
 
 
 int keysym2scancode(kbd_layout_t *k, int keysym,
-                    bool shift, bool altgr, bool ctrl)
+                    QKbdState *kbd)
 {
     static const uint32_t mask =
         SCANCODE_SHIFT | SCANCODE_ALTGR | SCANCODE_CTRL;
@@ -220,13 +220,13 @@ int keysym2scancode(kbd_layout_t *k, int keysym,
      * If so, prefer that one.
      */
     mods = 0;
-    if (shift) {
+    if (kbd && qkbd_state_modifier_get(kbd, QKBD_MOD_SHIFT)) {
         mods |= SCANCODE_SHIFT;
     }
-    if (altgr) {
+    if (kbd && qkbd_state_modifier_get(kbd, QKBD_MOD_ALTGR)) {
         mods |= SCANCODE_ALTGR;
     }
-    if (ctrl) {
+    if (kbd && qkbd_state_modifier_get(kbd, QKBD_MOD_CTRL)) {
         mods |= SCANCODE_CTRL;
     }
 
diff --git a/ui/keymaps.h b/ui/keymaps.h
index 4e9c87fb8f..d8652b8a5a 100644
--- a/ui/keymaps.h
+++ b/ui/keymaps.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #define QEMU_KEYMAPS_H
 
 #include "qemu-common.h"
+#include "ui/kbd-state.h"
 
 typedef struct {
     const char* name;
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ typedef struct kbd_layout_t kbd_layout_t;
 kbd_layout_t *init_keyboard_layout(const name2keysym_t *table,
                                    const char *language, Error **errp);
 int keysym2scancode(kbd_layout_t *k, int keysym,
-                    bool shift, bool altgr, bool ctrl);
+                    QKbdState *kbd);
 int keycode_is_keypad(kbd_layout_t *k, int keycode);
 int keysym_is_numlock(kbd_layout_t *k, int keysym);
 
diff --git a/ui/vnc.c b/ui/vnc.c
index 8e52b999b8..f66ed53094 100644
--- a/ui/vnc.c
+++ b/ui/vnc.c
@@ -1973,9 +1973,6 @@ static const char *code2name(int keycode)
 
 static void key_event(VncState *vs, int down, uint32_t sym)
 {
-    bool shift = qkbd_state_modifier_get(vs->vd->kbd, QKBD_MOD_SHIFT);
-    bool altgr = qkbd_state_modifier_get(vs->vd->kbd, QKBD_MOD_ALTGR);
-    bool ctrl  = qkbd_state_modifier_get(vs->vd->kbd, QKBD_MOD_CTRL);
     int keycode;
     int lsym = sym;
 
@@ -1984,7 +1981,7 @@ static void key_event(VncState *vs, int down, uint32_t sym)
     }
 
     keycode = keysym2scancode(vs->vd->kbd_layout, lsym & 0xFFFF,
-                              shift, altgr, ctrl) & SCANCODE_KEYMASK;
+                              vs->vd->kbd) & SCANCODE_KEYMASK;
     trace_vnc_key_event_map(down, sym, keycode, code2name(keycode));
     do_key_event(vs, down, keycode, sym);
 }