diff --git a/block/nfs.c b/block/nfs.c
index 3170b059b3..6935b611cc 100644
--- a/block/nfs.c
+++ b/block/nfs.c
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ static BlockdevOptionsNfs *nfs_options_qdict_to_qapi(QDict *options,
     const QDictEntry *e;
     Error *local_err = NULL;
 
-    crumpled = qdict_crumple(options, errp);
+    crumpled = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(options, errp);
     if (crumpled == NULL) {
         return NULL;
     }
diff --git a/block/parallels.c b/block/parallels.c
index c1d9643498..695899fc4b 100644
--- a/block/parallels.c
+++ b/block/parallels.c
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn parallels_co_create_opts(const char *filename,
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "parallels");
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name);
 
-    qobj = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    qobj = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(qdict, errp);
     qobject_unref(qdict);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
     if (qdict == NULL) {
diff --git a/block/qcow.c b/block/qcow.c
index 8c08908fd8..860b058240 100644
--- a/block/qcow.c
+++ b/block/qcow.c
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn qcow_co_create_opts(const char *filename,
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "qcow");
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name);
 
-    qobj = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    qobj = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(qdict, errp);
     qobject_unref(qdict);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
     if (qdict == NULL) {
diff --git a/block/qcow2.c b/block/qcow2.c
index d2d955f984..0a27afa2ef 100644
--- a/block/qcow2.c
+++ b/block/qcow2.c
@@ -3152,7 +3152,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn qcow2_co_create_opts(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opt
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name);
 
     /* Now get the QAPI type BlockdevCreateOptions */
-    qobj = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    qobj = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(qdict, errp);
     qobject_unref(qdict);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
     if (qdict == NULL) {
diff --git a/block/qed.c b/block/qed.c
index 324a953cbc..88fa36d409 100644
--- a/block/qed.c
+++ b/block/qed.c
@@ -763,7 +763,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn bdrv_qed_co_create_opts(const char *filename,
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "qed");
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name);
 
-    qobj = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    qobj = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(qdict, errp);
     qobject_unref(qdict);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
     if (qdict == NULL) {
diff --git a/block/rbd.c b/block/rbd.c
index 9659c7361f..09720e97c0 100644
--- a/block/rbd.c
+++ b/block/rbd.c
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ static int qemu_rbd_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
     }
 
     /* Convert the remaining options into a QAPI object */
-    crumpled = qdict_crumple(options, errp);
+    crumpled = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(options, errp);
     if (crumpled == NULL) {
         r = -EINVAL;
         goto out;
diff --git a/block/sheepdog.c b/block/sheepdog.c
index 2e1f0e6eca..a93f93d360 100644
--- a/block/sheepdog.c
+++ b/block/sheepdog.c
@@ -2217,7 +2217,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn sd_co_create_opts(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts,
     }
 
     /* Get the QAPI object */
-    crumpled = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    crumpled = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(qdict, errp);
     if (crumpled == NULL) {
         ret = -EINVAL;
         goto fail;
diff --git a/block/vhdx.c b/block/vhdx.c
index 2e32e24514..78b29d9fc7 100644
--- a/block/vhdx.c
+++ b/block/vhdx.c
@@ -2005,7 +2005,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn vhdx_co_create_opts(const char *filename,
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "vhdx");
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name);
 
-    qobj = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    qobj = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(qdict, errp);
     qobject_unref(qdict);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
     if (qdict == NULL) {
diff --git a/block/vpc.c b/block/vpc.c
index 41c8c980f1..16178e5a90 100644
--- a/block/vpc.c
+++ b/block/vpc.c
@@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ static int coroutine_fn vpc_co_create_opts(const char *filename,
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "driver", "vpc");
     qdict_put_str(qdict, "file", bs->node_name);
 
-    qobj = qdict_crumple(qdict, errp);
+    qobj = qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(qdict, errp);
     qobject_unref(qdict);
     qdict = qobject_to(QDict, qobj);
     if (qdict == NULL) {
diff --git a/include/block/qdict.h b/include/block/qdict.h
index 71c037afba..47d9638c37 100644
--- a/include/block/qdict.h
+++ b/include/block/qdict.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ void qdict_extract_subqdict(QDict *src, QDict **dst, const char *start);
 void qdict_array_split(QDict *src, QList **dst);
 int qdict_array_entries(QDict *src, const char *subqdict);
 QObject *qdict_crumple(const QDict *src, Error **errp);
+QObject *qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(QDict *qdict, Error **errp);
 void qdict_flatten(QDict *qdict);
 
 typedef struct QDictRenames {
diff --git a/qobject/block-qdict.c b/qobject/block-qdict.c
index fb92010dc5..aba372c2eb 100644
--- a/qobject/block-qdict.c
+++ b/qobject/block-qdict.c
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@
 
 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
 #include "block/qdict.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qbool.h"
 #include "qapi/qmp/qlist.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qnum.h"
+#include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
 #include "qapi/error.h"
 
@@ -513,6 +516,60 @@ QObject *qdict_crumple(const QDict *src, Error **errp)
     return NULL;
 }
 
+/**
+ * qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv:
+ * @src: the flat dictionary (only scalar values) to crumple
+ * @errp: location to store error
+ *
+ * Like qdict_crumple(), but additionally transforms scalar values so
+ * the result can be passed to qobject_input_visitor_new_keyval().
+ *
+ * The block subsystem uses this function to prepare its flat QDict
+ * with possibly confused scalar types for a visit.  It should not be
+ * used for anything else, and it should go away once the block
+ * subsystem has been cleaned up.
+ */
+QObject *qdict_crumple_for_keyval_qiv(QDict *src, Error **errp)
+{
+    QDict *tmp = NULL;
+    char *buf;
+    const char *s;
+    const QDictEntry *ent;
+    QObject *dst;
+
+    for (ent = qdict_first(src); ent; ent = qdict_next(src, ent)) {
+        buf = NULL;
+        switch (qobject_type(ent->value)) {
+        case QTYPE_QNULL:
+        case QTYPE_QSTRING:
+            continue;
+        case QTYPE_QNUM:
+            s = buf = qnum_to_string(qobject_to(QNum, ent->value));
+            break;
+        case QTYPE_QDICT:
+        case QTYPE_QLIST:
+            /* @src isn't flat; qdict_crumple() will fail */
+            continue;
+        case QTYPE_QBOOL:
+            s = qbool_get_bool(qobject_to(QBool, ent->value))
+                ? "on" : "off";
+            break;
+        default:
+            abort();
+        }
+
+        if (!tmp) {
+            tmp = qdict_clone_shallow(src);
+        }
+        qdict_put(tmp, ent->key, qstring_from_str(s));
+        g_free(buf);
+    }
+
+    dst = qdict_crumple(tmp ?: src, errp);
+    qobject_unref(tmp);
+    return dst;
+}
+
 /**
  * qdict_array_entries(): Returns the number of direct array entries if the
  * sub-QDict of src specified by the prefix in subqdict (or src itself for