Clifford Wolf:

Added Grid2d/Grid3d API
	Moved dxf tesselation to extra file



git-svn-id: http://svn.clifford.at/openscad/trunk@62 b57f626f-c46c-0410-a088-ec61d464b74c
stl_dim
clifford 2009-07-21 19:33:39 +00:00
parent bd89f254ef
commit cb829a3fe0
6 changed files with 356 additions and 234 deletions

View File

@ -125,216 +125,6 @@ static void add_slice(PolySet *ps, DxfData::Path *pt, double h1, double h2)
}
}
struct tess_vdata {
GLdouble v[3];
};
struct tess_triangle {
GLdouble *p[3];
tess_triangle() { p[0] = NULL; p[1] = NULL; p[2] = NULL; }
tess_triangle(double *p1, double *p2, double *p3) { p[0] = p1; p[1] = p2; p[2] = p3; }
};
static GLenum tess_type;
static int tess_count;
static QVector<tess_triangle> tess_tri;
static GLdouble *tess_p1, *tess_p2;
static void tess_vertex(void *vertex_data)
{
GLdouble *p = (double*)vertex_data;
#if 0
printf(" %d: %f %f %f\n", tess_count, p[0], p[1], p[2]);
#endif
if (tess_type == GL_TRIANGLE_FAN) {
if (tess_count == 0) {
tess_p1 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 1) {
tess_p2 = p;
}
if (tess_count > 1) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p1, tess_p2, p));
tess_p2 = p;
}
}
if (tess_type == GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP) {
if (tess_count == 0) {
tess_p1 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 1) {
tess_p2 = p;
}
if (tess_count > 1) {
if (tess_count % 2 == 1) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p2, tess_p1, p));
} else {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p1, tess_p2, p));
}
tess_p1 = tess_p2;
tess_p2 = p;
}
}
if (tess_type == GL_TRIANGLES) {
if (tess_count == 0) {
tess_p1 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 1) {
tess_p2 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 2) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p1, tess_p2, p));
tess_count = -1;
}
}
tess_count++;
}
static void tess_begin(GLenum type)
{
#if 0
if (type == GL_TRIANGLE_FAN) {
printf("GL_TRIANGLE_FAN:\n");
}
if (type == GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP) {
printf("GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:\n");
}
if (type == GL_TRIANGLES) {
printf("GL_TRIANGLES:\n");
}
#endif
tess_count = 0;
tess_type = type;
}
static void tess_end(void)
{
/* nothing to be done here */
}
static void tess_error(GLenum errno)
{
PRINTF("GLU tesselation error %d!", errno);
}
static bool point_on_line(double *p1, double *p2, double *p3)
{
if (fabs(p1[0] - p2[0]) < 0.0001 && fabs(p1[1] - p2[1]) < 0.0001)
return false;
if (fabs(p3[0] - p2[0]) < 0.0001 && fabs(p3[1] - p2[1]) < 0.0001)
return false;
double v1[2] = { p2[0] - p1[0], p2[1] - p1[1] };
double v2[2] = { p3[0] - p1[0], p3[1] - p1[1] };
if (fabs(atan2(v1[0], v1[1]) - atan2(v2[0], v2[1])) < 0.0001 &&
sqrt(v1[0]*v1[0] + v1[1]*v1[1]) < sqrt(v2[0]*v2[0] + v2[1]*v2[1])) {
#if 0
printf("Point on line: %f/%f %f/%f %f/%f\n", p1[0], p1[1], p2[0], p2[1], p3[0], p3[1]);
#endif
return true;
}
return false;
}
static void tess(PolySet *ps, DxfData *dxf, bool up, double h)
{
GLUtesselator *tobj = gluNewTess();
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_VERTEX, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_vertex);
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_BEGIN, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_begin);
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_END, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_end);
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_ERROR, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_error);
tess_tri.clear();
QList<tess_vdata> vl;
gluTessBeginPolygon(tobj, NULL);
for (int i = 0; i < dxf->paths.count(); i++) {
if (!dxf->paths[i].is_closed)
continue;
gluTessBeginContour(tobj);
if (up != dxf->paths[i].is_inner) {
for (int j = 1; j < dxf->paths[i].points.count(); j++) {
vl.append(tess_vdata());
vl.last().v[0] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->x;
vl.last().v[1] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->y;
vl.last().v[2] = h;
gluTessVertex(tobj, vl.last().v, vl.last().v);
}
} else {
for (int j = dxf->paths[i].points.count() - 1; j > 0; j--) {
vl.append(tess_vdata());
vl.last().v[0] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->x;
vl.last().v[1] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->y;
vl.last().v[2] = h;
gluTessVertex(tobj, vl.last().v, vl.last().v);
}
}
gluTessEndContour(tobj);
}
gluTessEndPolygon(tobj);
gluDeleteTess(tobj);
#if 0
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++) {
printf("~~~\n");
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[0][0], tess_tri[i].p[0][1], tess_tri[i].p[0][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[1][0], tess_tri[i].p[1][1], tess_tri[i].p[1][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[2][0], tess_tri[i].p[2][1], tess_tri[i].p[2][2]);
}
#endif
// GLU tessing sometimes generates degenerated triangles. We must find and remove
// them so we can use the triangle array with CGAL..
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++) {
if (point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[0], tess_tri[i].p[1], tess_tri[i].p[2]) ||
point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[1], tess_tri[i].p[2], tess_tri[i].p[0]) ||
point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[2], tess_tri[i].p[0], tess_tri[i].p[1])) {
tess_tri.remove(i--);
}
}
// GLU tessing might merge points into edges. This is ok for GL displaying but
// creates invalid polyeders for CGAL. So we split this tirangles up again in order
// to create polyeders that are also accepted by CGAL..
bool added_triangles = true;
while (added_triangles)
{
added_triangles = false;
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++)
for (int j = 0; j < tess_tri.count(); j++)
for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)
for (int l = 0; l < 3; l++) {
if (point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[k], tess_tri[j].p[l], tess_tri[i].p[(k+1)%3])) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_tri[j].p[l],
tess_tri[i].p[(k+1)%3], tess_tri[i].p[(k+2)%3]));
tess_tri[i].p[(k+1)%3] = tess_tri[j].p[l];
added_triangles = true;
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++) {
#if 0
printf("---\n");
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[0][0], tess_tri[i].p[0][1], tess_tri[i].p[0][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[1][0], tess_tri[i].p[1][1], tess_tri[i].p[1][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[2][0], tess_tri[i].p[2][1], tess_tri[i].p[2][2]);
#endif
ps->append_poly();
ps->insert_vertex(tess_tri[i].p[0][0], tess_tri[i].p[0][1], tess_tri[i].p[0][2]);
ps->insert_vertex(tess_tri[i].p[1][0], tess_tri[i].p[1][1], tess_tri[i].p[1][2]);
ps->insert_vertex(tess_tri[i].p[2][0], tess_tri[i].p[2][1], tess_tri[i].p[2][2]);
}
tess_tri.clear();
}
PolySet *DxfLinearExtrudeNode::render_polyset(render_mode_e) const
{
DxfData dxf(fn, fs, fa, filename, layername, origin_x, origin_y, scale);
@ -359,8 +149,8 @@ PolySet *DxfLinearExtrudeNode::render_polyset(render_mode_e) const
add_slice(ps, &dxf.paths[i], h1, h2);
}
tess(ps, &dxf, false, h1);
tess(ps, &dxf, true, h2);
dxf_tesselate(ps, &dxf, false, h1);
dxf_tesselate(ps, &dxf, true, h2);
return ps;
}

234
dxftess.cc Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
/*
* OpenSCAD (www.openscad.at)
* Copyright (C) 2009 Clifford Wolf <clifford@clifford.at>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*
*/
#define INCLUDE_ABSTRACT_NODE_DETAILS
#include "openscad.h"
struct tess_vdata {
GLdouble v[3];
};
struct tess_triangle {
GLdouble *p[3];
tess_triangle() { p[0] = NULL; p[1] = NULL; p[2] = NULL; }
tess_triangle(double *p1, double *p2, double *p3) { p[0] = p1; p[1] = p2; p[2] = p3; }
};
static GLenum tess_type;
static int tess_count;
static QVector<tess_triangle> tess_tri;
static GLdouble *tess_p1, *tess_p2;
static void tess_vertex(void *vertex_data)
{
GLdouble *p = (double*)vertex_data;
#if 0
printf(" %d: %f %f %f\n", tess_count, p[0], p[1], p[2]);
#endif
if (tess_type == GL_TRIANGLE_FAN) {
if (tess_count == 0) {
tess_p1 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 1) {
tess_p2 = p;
}
if (tess_count > 1) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p1, tess_p2, p));
tess_p2 = p;
}
}
if (tess_type == GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP) {
if (tess_count == 0) {
tess_p1 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 1) {
tess_p2 = p;
}
if (tess_count > 1) {
if (tess_count % 2 == 1) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p2, tess_p1, p));
} else {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p1, tess_p2, p));
}
tess_p1 = tess_p2;
tess_p2 = p;
}
}
if (tess_type == GL_TRIANGLES) {
if (tess_count == 0) {
tess_p1 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 1) {
tess_p2 = p;
}
if (tess_count == 2) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_p1, tess_p2, p));
tess_count = -1;
}
}
tess_count++;
}
static void tess_begin(GLenum type)
{
#if 0
if (type == GL_TRIANGLE_FAN) {
printf("GL_TRIANGLE_FAN:\n");
}
if (type == GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP) {
printf("GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP:\n");
}
if (type == GL_TRIANGLES) {
printf("GL_TRIANGLES:\n");
}
#endif
tess_count = 0;
tess_type = type;
}
static void tess_end(void)
{
/* nothing to be done here */
}
static void tess_error(GLenum errno)
{
PRINTF("GLU tesselation error %d!", errno);
}
static bool point_on_line(double *p1, double *p2, double *p3)
{
if (fabs(p1[0] - p2[0]) < 0.0001 && fabs(p1[1] - p2[1]) < 0.0001)
return false;
if (fabs(p3[0] - p2[0]) < 0.0001 && fabs(p3[1] - p2[1]) < 0.0001)
return false;
double v1[2] = { p2[0] - p1[0], p2[1] - p1[1] };
double v2[2] = { p3[0] - p1[0], p3[1] - p1[1] };
if (fabs(atan2(v1[0], v1[1]) - atan2(v2[0], v2[1])) < 0.0001 &&
sqrt(v1[0]*v1[0] + v1[1]*v1[1]) < sqrt(v2[0]*v2[0] + v2[1]*v2[1])) {
#if 0
printf("Point on line: %f/%f %f/%f %f/%f\n", p1[0], p1[1], p2[0], p2[1], p3[0], p3[1]);
#endif
return true;
}
return false;
}
void dxf_tesselate(PolySet *ps, DxfData *dxf, bool up, double h)
{
GLUtesselator *tobj = gluNewTess();
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_VERTEX, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_vertex);
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_BEGIN, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_begin);
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_END, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_end);
gluTessCallback(tobj, GLU_TESS_ERROR, (GLvoid(*)())&tess_error);
tess_tri.clear();
QList<tess_vdata> vl;
gluTessBeginPolygon(tobj, NULL);
for (int i = 0; i < dxf->paths.count(); i++) {
if (!dxf->paths[i].is_closed)
continue;
gluTessBeginContour(tobj);
if (up != dxf->paths[i].is_inner) {
for (int j = 1; j < dxf->paths[i].points.count(); j++) {
vl.append(tess_vdata());
vl.last().v[0] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->x;
vl.last().v[1] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->y;
vl.last().v[2] = h;
gluTessVertex(tobj, vl.last().v, vl.last().v);
}
} else {
for (int j = dxf->paths[i].points.count() - 1; j > 0; j--) {
vl.append(tess_vdata());
vl.last().v[0] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->x;
vl.last().v[1] = dxf->paths[i].points[j]->y;
vl.last().v[2] = h;
gluTessVertex(tobj, vl.last().v, vl.last().v);
}
}
gluTessEndContour(tobj);
}
gluTessEndPolygon(tobj);
gluDeleteTess(tobj);
#if 0
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++) {
printf("~~~\n");
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[0][0], tess_tri[i].p[0][1], tess_tri[i].p[0][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[1][0], tess_tri[i].p[1][1], tess_tri[i].p[1][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[2][0], tess_tri[i].p[2][1], tess_tri[i].p[2][2]);
}
#endif
// GLU tessing sometimes generates degenerated triangles. We must find and remove
// them so we can use the triangle array with CGAL..
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++) {
if (point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[0], tess_tri[i].p[1], tess_tri[i].p[2]) ||
point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[1], tess_tri[i].p[2], tess_tri[i].p[0]) ||
point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[2], tess_tri[i].p[0], tess_tri[i].p[1])) {
tess_tri.remove(i--);
}
}
// GLU tessing might merge points into edges. This is ok for GL displaying but
// creates invalid polyeders for CGAL. So we split this tirangles up again in order
// to create polyeders that are also accepted by CGAL..
bool added_triangles = true;
while (added_triangles)
{
added_triangles = false;
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++)
for (int j = 0; j < tess_tri.count(); j++)
for (int k = 0; k < 3; k++)
for (int l = 0; l < 3; l++) {
if (point_on_line(tess_tri[i].p[k], tess_tri[j].p[l], tess_tri[i].p[(k+1)%3])) {
tess_tri.append(tess_triangle(tess_tri[j].p[l],
tess_tri[i].p[(k+1)%3], tess_tri[i].p[(k+2)%3]));
tess_tri[i].p[(k+1)%3] = tess_tri[j].p[l];
added_triangles = true;
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < tess_tri.count(); i++) {
#if 0
printf("---\n");
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[0][0], tess_tri[i].p[0][1], tess_tri[i].p[0][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[1][0], tess_tri[i].p[1][1], tess_tri[i].p[1][2]);
printf(" %f %f %f\n", tess_tri[i].p[2][0], tess_tri[i].p[2][1], tess_tri[i].p[2][2]);
#endif
ps->append_poly();
ps->insert_vertex(tess_tri[i].p[0][0], tess_tri[i].p[0][1], tess_tri[i].p[0][2]);
ps->insert_vertex(tess_tri[i].p[1][0], tess_tri[i].p[1][1], tess_tri[i].p[1][2]);
ps->insert_vertex(tess_tri[i].p[2][0], tess_tri[i].p[2][1], tess_tri[i].p[2][2]);
}
tess_tri.clear();
}

View File

@ -63,4 +63,8 @@ module cutview()
}
}
cutview();
translate([0 0 -10])
clip();
// cutview();

View File

@ -21,16 +21,6 @@
#ifndef OPENSCAD_H
#define OPENSCAD_H
// this must be defined as early as possible
// so QHash<> and friends can see it..
#include <qglobal.h>
static inline uint qHash(double v) {
// not beauty but good enough..
union { double d; uint u[2]; } x;
x.u[0] = 0; x.u[1] = 0; x.d = v;
return x.u[0] ^ x.u[1];
}
#ifdef ENABLE_OPENCSG
// this must be included before the GL headers
# include <GL/glew.h>
@ -72,6 +62,110 @@ class CSGChain;
class AbstractNode;
class AbstractPolyNode;
template <typename T>
class Grid2d
{
public:
double res;
QHash<QPair<int,int>, T> db;
Grid2d(double resolution = 0.001) {
res = resolution;
}
T &align(double &x, double &y) {
int ix = round(x / res);
int iy = round(y / res);
x = ix * res, y = iy * res;
if (db.contains(QPair<int,int>(ix, iy)))
return db[QPair<int,int>(ix, iy)];
int dist = 10;
T *ptr = NULL;
for (int jx = ix - 1; jx <= ix + 1; jx++)
for (int jy = iy - 1; jy <= iy + 1; jy++) {
if (!db.contains(QPair<int,int>(jx, jy)))
continue;
if (abs(ix-jx) + abs(iy-jy) < dist) {
x = jx * res, y = jy * res;
dist = abs(ix-jx) + abs(iy-jy);
ptr = &db[QPair<int,int>(jx, jy)];
}
}
if (ptr)
return *ptr;
return db[QPair<int,int>(ix, iy)];
}
bool has(double x, double y) {
int ix = round(x / res);
int iy = round(y / res);
if (db.contains(QPair<int,int>(ix, iy)))
return true;
for (int jx = ix - 1; jx <= ix + 1; jx++)
for (int jy = iy - 1; jy <= iy + 1; jy++) {
if (db.contains(QPair<int,int>(jx, jy)))
true;
}
return false;
}
T &data(double x, double y) {
return align(x, y);
}
};
template <typename T>
class Grid3d
{
public:
double res;
QHash<QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>, T> db;
Grid3d(double resolution = 0.001) {
res = resolution;
}
T &align(double &x, double &y, double &z) {
int ix = round(x / res);
int iy = round(y / res);
int iz = round(z / res);
x = ix * res, y = iy * res, z = iz * res;
if (db.contains(QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>(QPair<int,int>(ix, iy), iz)))
return db[QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>(QPair<int,int>(ix, iy), iz)];
int dist = 10;
T *ptr = NULL;
for (int jx = ix - 1; jx <= ix + 1; jx++)
for (int jy = iy - 1; jy <= iy + 1; jy++)
for (int jz = iz - 1; jz <= iz + 1; jz++) {
if (!db.contains(QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>(QPair<int,int>(jx, jy), jz)))
continue;
if (abs(ix-jx) + abs(iy-jy) + abs(iz-jz) < dist) {
x = jx * res, y = jy * res, z = jz * res;
dist = abs(ix-jx) + abs(iy-jy) + abs(iz-jz);
ptr = &db[QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>(QPair<int,int>(jx, jy), jz)];
}
}
if (ptr)
return *ptr;
return db[QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>(QPair<int,int>(ix, iy), iz)];
}
bool has(double x, double y, double z) {
int ix = round(x / res);
int iy = round(y / res);
int iz = round(z / res);
if (db.contains(QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>(QPair<int,int>(ix, iy), iz)))
return true;
for (int jx = ix - 1; jx <= ix + 1; jx++)
for (int jy = iy - 1; jy <= iy + 1; jy++)
for (int jz = iz - 1; jz <= iz + 1; jz++) {
if (db.contains(QPair<QPair<int,int>,int>(QPair<int,int>(jx, jy), jz)))
return true;
}
return false;
}
T &data(double x, double y, double z) {
return align(x, y, z);
}
};
class Value
{
public:
@ -356,6 +450,7 @@ public:
};
typedef QList<Point> Polygon;
QVector<Polygon> polygons;
Grid3d<void*> grid;
double m[16];
int convexity;
@ -471,6 +566,8 @@ extern void *progress_report_vp;
void progress_report_prep(AbstractNode *root, void (*f)(const class AbstractNode *node, void *vp, int mark), void *vp);
void progress_report_fin();
void dxf_tesselate(PolySet *ps, DxfData *dxf, bool up, double h);
#else
// Needed for Mainwin::root_N

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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ SOURCES += openscad.cc mainwin.cc glview.cc
SOURCES += value.cc expr.cc func.cc module.cc context.cc
SOURCES += csgterm.cc polyset.cc csgops.cc transform.cc
SOURCES += primitives.cc control.cc render.cc
SOURCES += dxfdata.cc dxflinextrude.cc dxfrotextrude.cc
SOURCES += dxfdata.cc dxftess.cc dxflinextrude.cc dxfrotextrude.cc
QMAKE_CXXFLAGS += -O0
// QMAKE_CXXFLAGS += -O3 -march=pentium

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@ -36,11 +36,13 @@ void PolySet::append_poly()
void PolySet::append_vertex(double x, double y, double z)
{
grid.align(x, y, z);
polygons.last().append(Point(x, y, z));
}
void PolySet::insert_vertex(double x, double y, double z)
{
grid.align(x, y, z);
polygons.last().insert(0, Point(x, y, z));
}
@ -194,19 +196,15 @@ public:
{
CGAL_Polybuilder B(hds, true);
typedef QPair<QPair<double,double>,double> PointKey_t;
#define PointKey(_x,_y,_z) PointKey_t(QPair<double,double>(_x,_y),_z)
QVector<PolySet::Point> vertices;
QHash<PointKey_t,int> vertices_idx;
Grid3d<int> vertices_idx;
for (int i = 0; i < ps->polygons.size(); i++) {
const PolySet::Polygon *poly = &ps->polygons[i];
for (int j = 0; j < poly->size(); j++) {
const PolySet::Point *p = &poly->at(j);
PointKey_t pk = PointKey(p->x, p->y, p->z);
if (!vertices_idx.contains(pk)) {
vertices_idx[pk] = vertices.size();
if (!vertices_idx.has(p->x, p->y, p->z)) {
vertices_idx.data(p->x, p->y, p->z) = vertices.size();
vertices.append(*p);
}
}
@ -233,11 +231,10 @@ public:
#endif
for (int j = 0; j < poly->size(); j++) {
const PolySet::Point *p = &poly->at(j);
PointKey_t pk = PointKey(p->x, p->y, p->z);
#ifdef GEN_SURFACE_DEBUG
printf(" %d", vertices_idx[pk]);
printf(" %d", vertices_idx.data(p->x, p->y, p->z));
#endif
B.add_vertex_to_facet(vertices_idx[pk]);
B.add_vertex_to_facet(vertices_idx.data(p->x, p->y, p->z));
}
#ifdef GEN_SURFACE_DEBUG
printf("\n");